What Does A Cavity Look Like in A Child

Cavities are a common problem in children, especially over age three. Also called tooth decay, cavities are holes in the teeth caused by the breakdown of tooth enamel.

If you are a parent and suspect your child has a cavity, the first step is to contact your dentist’s office for an examination. Regular dental checkups involve thorough examinations and possibly x-rays that can detect cavities in children. 

This article will take an in-depth look at tooth decay, its signs, and how to treat and prevent it.

What Is a Cavity?

Cavities occur when the tooth enamel, the hard outer surface of the tooth, is damaged. This leads to holes in the teeth, called cavities. Without treatment or prevention, cavities can worsen over time, where the tooth can fall out or need extraction. 

Bacteria are the main culprit that cause cavities. They feed and grow on sugars from leftover food and drink in the mouth. Their acidic waste damages and destroys the enamel on teeth. 

The bacteria also produce plaque as it combines with food, saliva, and acid. This sticky substance covers the teeth and, without adequate brushing, degrades the enamel over time. 

Cavities in Children

Even children with baby teeth can get cavities. However, this does not mean they do not need treatment, as premature loss or removal of baby teeth can affect the healthy development of adult teeth. 

Having cavities before age 6 is called early childhood tooth decay (ECTD). So what causes cavities in children? 

• Poor diet: Over-consumption of sugary foods such as sweets, candies, and juices is one major cause of cavities. 
• Inadequate brushing: Not brushing twice daily or for 2 minutes minimum. 
• Flossing incorrectly: This can leave food particles between teeth that lead to cavities. 

What Are the Signs of a Cavity

All children are susceptible to developing cavities. But they may not always present with toothache/pain or sensitivity to varying temperatures. Here are some noticeable signs indicating a possible cavity:

• Dark or discoloured spots on the tooth
• White spots on the tooth may indicate a lack of calcium. It is also indicative of the early process of demineralization. 
• A hole or crack that you can feel with the tongue.
• Crying or fussiness in young children
• Swollen gums. Gums close to the tooth line appear swollen, red, tender, and can sometimes bleed. 
• Refusing to eat
• Bad breath despite brushing
• Sour taste in the mouth

Cavities on an X-Ray

Not all tooth decay or cavities are visible to the naked eye. Dental x-rays can confirm their presence in one or more teeth. Cavities appear as darker spots or shadows in contrast to the white teeth. 

Treatment for Cavities in Children

Treatment typically depends on age and stage of tooth decay. Sometimes fluoride treatments can prevent further damage in the early stages of tooth decay.

More common treatment of cavities in children for baby and permanent teeth involves dental fillings. Decay is removed and cleaned before a composite material is applied to repair the damage. In severe cases of tooth decay, the tooth may need extraction. 

Younger children can find dental procedures more challenging. If more than one filling is required, multiple appointments may work best. 

Preventing Cavities in Children

The best way to protect baby and permanent teeth in children is to stay cavity-free. While this is not always possible, there are ways to minimize the risk:

• Brush teeth at least twice daily, morning and night, for a minimum of 2 minutes. Parents can help children with brushing. Wait 30 minutes after eating to brush your teeth. 
• Floss at least once a day. Parents should help younger children with proper flossing. 
• Limit sugary foods.
• Use fluoride toothpaste to help strengthen the enamel on your child’s teeth.
• Drink lots of water and rinse your mouth after consuming sugary foods or drinks.

In addition to the above measures, the key to preventing cavities is maintaining good oral hygiene by visiting your dentist regularly for examinations, cleanings, and x-rays. 

Cavity Prevention for Healthy Teeth

Many times, cavities silently develop in children. And even if you miss the signs of tooth decay, regularly scheduled dental checkups can pick them up early. 
Consult South Ancaster Family Dental when you notice problems with your child’s teeth or gums. Contact us to book an appointment today.